BIOPHARMACEUTICS AND PHARMACOKINETICS BP604T

UNIT -01

Introduction to Biopharmaceutics:
Absorption; Mechanisms of drug absorption through GIT, factors influencing drug absorption though GIT, absorption of drug from non per-oral extra-vascular routes.
Distribution Tissue permeability of drugs, binding of drugs, apparent, volume of drug distribution, plasma and tissue protein binding of drugs, factors affecting protein-drug binding. Kinetics of protein binding, Clinical significance of protein binding of drugs.

Elimination: Drug metabolism and basic understanding metabolic pathways renal excretion of drugs, factors affecting renal excretion of drugs, renal clearance, Non renal routes of drug excretion of drugs.
Bioavailability and Bioequivalence: Definition and Objectives of bioavailability, absolute and relative bioavailability, measurement of bioavailability, in-vitro drug dissolution models, in-vitro-in-vivo correlations, bioequivalence studies, methods to enhance the dissolution rates and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs

Pharmacokinetics: Definition and introduction to Pharmacokinetics, Compartment models, Non compartment models, physiological models, One compartment open model. Intravenous Injection (Bolus), Intravenous infusion and Extra vascular administrations. Pharmacokinetics parameters – KE , t1/2,Vd, AUC, Ka, Clt and CLR- definitions, methods of eliminations, understanding of their significance and application.

Multicompartment models: Two compartment open model. IV bolus Kinetics of multiple dosing, steady state drug levels, calculation of loading and maintenance doses and their significance in clinical settings.

Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Introduction, Factors causing Non-linearity. MichaelisMenten method of estimating parameters, Explanation with example of drugs.